Colour palettes

Because I'm really struggling with colouring my illustrations I've decided I need to start looking more in depth at the sort of palettes that illustrators use. I've begun to compile a few to pick colours from on Adobe Color:

It's then another challenge picking which of the colour palettes are appropriate for illustration, and then how to incorporate them in terms of what's coloured what. I tried colouring in my illustration for The Judgement using a modified palette but it still feels a bit off and I don't know why: